玛丽·卡萨特(Mary Cassatt)
艺术家: 玛丽·卡萨特
生于: 1844年5月22日；美国宾夕法尼亚阿勒格尼市
卒于: 1926年6月14日；寂静的近beaufresne，巴黎，法国
国籍: 美国
流派: 印象派
领域: 绘画
朋友: 埃德加·德加
机构: 美术学院、法国巴黎美术学院，宾夕法尼亚州，费城，宾夕法尼亚州，美国
作为一名美国画家和版画家，玛丽·卡斯特是一位印象派画家，她描绘了女性的生活，尤其是母子之间的特殊纽带。她小时候经常出差，1855年在巴黎举行的世界博览会上，她可能接触过大师的作品。其他艺术家，如德加和毕沙罗，后来将成为她的导师和其他画家。她在15岁开始认真学习艺术，当时只有百分之二十的文科学生是女性。与许多其他女学生不同，她决心把艺术当作事业，而不仅仅是社交技巧。她对自己在美国的艺术教育感到失望，并搬到巴黎学习艺术在私人导师在巴黎。她的母亲和家人朋友和她一起前往法国，充当陪同者。她继续在法国进行艺术教育，她的第一部作品在1868被巴黎沙龙录取。然而，在1870普法战争爆发时，她回到美国和她的家人住在一起。她的父亲不赞成她选择的艺术家职业，支付了她的生活费用，但拒绝支付她的艺术用品。在美国逗留期间，卡萨特很悲惨。她展出了一些画，但是没有找到买家，并且因为缺少艺术学习而心烦意乱，她放弃了绘画，几乎放弃了手工艺。在芝加哥旅行之后，匹兹堡大主教注意到了她的作品，他委托她复制两幅意大利科雷吉奥的画。他提出要支付她的旅费，她马上离开了美国。在欧洲，卡萨特的画更受欢迎，增加了她的前景，并于1872年在沙龙展出，出售一幅画。她每年都在巴黎沙龙展出，直到1877岁，所有的作品都被拒绝了。她对自己的拒绝感到心烦意乱，转而求助于印象派画家，他们用欢迎的双手欢迎她。在职业生涯的早期，卡萨特决定结婚不是一种选择，她从未结过婚，她大部分时间都和妹妹丽迪雅在一起，直到1882年她去世，这使玛丽暂时无法工作。随着她事业的发展，她的批评声望也越来越高，她经常和德加一起被吹捧为印象派沙龙最好的参展商之一。她于1906被授予法国军人荣誉博物馆。在她晚年，她被诊断出患有风湿病、神经痛、糖尿病和白内障，尽管她的精神从未崩溃过。她在1914岁时几乎失明之后继续为争取妇女选举权的事业而战。十二年后她去世了。他的作品后来被印在美国邮票上，她的作品在拍卖会上的售价高达290万美元。
Artist :Mary Cassatt
Additional Name :Mary Stevenson Cassatt
Born : Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, United States
Died : Château de Beaufresne, near Paris, France
Nationality :American
Art Movement :Impressionism
Influenced by :edgar-degas,pierre-auguste-renoir
Friends and Co-workers :edgar-degas
Art institution :École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, France,Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, PA, US
An American painter and printmaker, Mary Cassatt was an impressionist painter, who depicted the lives of women, especially the special bond between mother and child. She traveled extensively as a child, and was probably exposed to the works of the great masters at the World’s fair in Paris in 1855. Other artist’s, such as Degas and Pissarro, would later become her mentors and fellow painters. She began studying art seriously at the age of 15, at a time when only around twenty percent of all arts students were female. Unlike many of the other female students, she was determined to make art her career, rather than just a social skill. She was disappointed at her art education in the United States, and moved to Paris to study art under private tutors in Paris. Her mother and family friends traveled with her to France, acting as chaperones.
She continued her art education in France, and her first work was accepted into the Paris Salon in 1868. At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, however, she returned to the United States to live with her family. Her father, who did not approve of her chosen vocation as an artist, paid for her living expenses, but refused to pay for her art supplies. During her stay in the United States, Cassatt was miserable. She exhibited some paintings but found no buyers, and upset at the lack of art to study, she quit painting and almost gave up the craft. After a trip to Chicago, her work was noticed by the Archbishop of Pittsburgh, who commissioned from her a copy of two of Correggio’s paintings in Italy. He offered to pay for her travel expenses and she immediately left the United States.
In Europe, Cassatt’s paintings were better received, increasing her prospects, and exhibited in the Salon of 1872, selling a painting. She exhibited every year at the Paris Salon until 1877, when all her works were rejected. Distraught at her rejection, she turned to the Impressionists, who welcomed her with welcome arms.
Deciding early in her career that marriage was not an option, Cassatt never married, and spent much of her time with her sister Lydia, until her death in 1882, which left Mary unable to work for a short time. As her career progressed, her critical reputation grew, and she was often touted, along with Degas, as the one of the best exhibitors at the Impressionist Salon. She was awarded the French Legion of Honor in 1906.
In her later life, she was diagnosed with rheumatism, neuralgia, diabetes, and cataracts, although her spirit was never crushed. She continued to fight for the cause of women’s suffrage after she went almost blind in 1914. She died twelve years later. He works have since been printed on United States postage stamps and her works have sold for as much as $2.9 million at auction.
