皮耶尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿(Pierre-Auguste Renoir)
艺术家: 皮耶尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿
生于: 1841年2月25日；法国利摩日
卒于: 1919年12月03日；Cagnes sur Mer，法国
国籍: 法国
流派: 印象派
领域: 绘画
受影响: 古斯塔夫·库尔贝,卡米耶·毕沙罗,爱德华·马奈,欧仁·德拉克罗瓦,卡米耶·柯罗,埃德加·德加,弗朗索瓦·布歇,拉斐尔,让·奥古斯特·多米尼克·安格尔,让·安东尼·华多,弗朗西斯科·戈雅
影响: 施尔德·哈森,玛丽·卡萨特,保罗·塞尚,亨利·马蒂斯,巴勃罗·毕加索
老师: 查尔斯·格莱尔
朋友: 阿尔弗莱德·西斯莱,克劳德·莫奈,阿米地奥·莫迪里阿尼,弗雷德里克·巴齐耶,卡米耶·毕沙罗,苏珊娜·瓦拉东,古斯塔夫·卡里伯特
机构: 美术学院，巴黎，法国
Pierre Auguste Renoir是法国画家，是印象派风格的主要画家。小时候，他在一家瓷器厂工作。他的绘画技巧早就被认可了，不久他就被用来在中国瓷器上设计图案。在艺术学校开学前，他还为歌迷画装饰。1862年他搬到巴黎学习艺术，在那里他遇到了弗雷德里克·巴齐尔、克劳德·莫奈和阿尔弗雷德·西斯利，他们都是伟大的印象派画家。到1864年，他在巴黎沙龙展出作品，但在接下来的十年里，他的作品几乎无人注意，这主要是由于法普战争造成的混乱。后来，在1871年的巴黎公社里，雷诺阿正在塞纳河岸上画画，这时公社的一些成员向他走来，他们认为他是个间谍。他们威胁要投进河里，但他被公社的领导人拉乌尔·里高特救了，他在早些时候保护过他。他在1874经历了第一次艺术成就，在第一次印象派展览，后来在同一年的伦敦。1881年，雷诺阿开始了他的世界之旅，跟随尤金·德拉克罗瓦的脚步，前往意大利，观看文艺复兴时期大师的作品，后来又去了阿尔及利亚。在阿尔及利亚，他遭遇了一场严重的肺炎，让他卧床六个星期，并永久性地损害了他的呼吸系统。在他晚年的生活中，甚至连严重的类风湿性关节炎都不能阻止雷诺阿画画，这种病使他只能坐在轮椅上活动。他的关节炎最终变得如此严重，以至于他的手和肩膀永久性地身体畸形，这要求他改变他的绘画技巧以适应他的身体限制。1919年雷诺阿去世之前，他曾到卢浮宫参观他的画作，这些画和伟大大师的杰作一起挂在博物馆里。他是一位多产的艺术家，一生创作了数千件艺术品，并包括一些艺术界最著名的绘画。
Artist :Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Additional Name :Pierre-Auguste Renoir
Born : Limoges, France
Died : Cagnes-sur-Mer, France
Nationality :French
Art Movement :Impressionism
Influenced by :gustave-courbet,camille-pissarro,edouard-manet,eugene-delacroix,camille-corot,edgar-degas,francois-boucher,raphael,jean-auguste-dominique-ingres,antoine-watteau,francisco-goya
Influenced on :childe-hassam,mary-cassatt,paul-cezanne,henri-matisse,pablo-picasso
Teachers :charles-gleyre
Friends and Co-workers :alfred-sisley,claude-monet,amedeo-modigliani,frederic-bazille,camille-pissarro,suzanne-valadon,gustave-caillebotte
Art institution :École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, France
Pierre Auguste Renoir was a French artist, and was a leading painter of the Impressionist style. As a young boy, he worked in a porcelain factory. His drawing skills were early recognized, and he was soon employed to create designs on the fine china. He also painted decorations on fans before beginning art school . He moved to Paris in 1862 to study art, where he met Frederic Bazille, Claude Monet, and Alfred Sisley, all great impressionist painters. By 1864, he was exhibiting works at the Paris Salon, but his works went largely unnoticed for the next ten years, mostly in part to the disorder caused by the Franco-Prussian War.
Later, during the Paris Commune on 1871, Renoir was painting on the banks of the Seine River, when he was approached by a number of members from the commune, who thought he was a spy. They threatened to throw in into the rive, but he was saved by the leader of the commune, Raoul Rigault, whom he had protected on an earlier occasion. He experienced his first artistic success in 1874, at the first Impressionist Exhibition, and later in London of the same year. In 1881, Renoir began his world travels, voyaging to Italy to see the works of the Renaissance masters, and later to Algeria, following in the footsteps of Eugene Delacroix. It was in Algeria where he encountered a serious bout with pneumonia, leaving him bed ridden for six weeks, and permanently damaging his respiratory system.
In the later years of his life, not even severe rheumatoid arthritis, which left him confined to a wheelchair and limited his movement, could deter Renoir from painting. His arthritis eventually got so bad as to leave a permanent physical deformity of his hands and shoulder, which required him to change his painting technique to adapt to his physical limitations. Before his death in 1919, Renoir traveled to the Louvre to see his paintings hanging in the museum alongside the masterpieces of the great masters. He was a prolific artist, created several thousands artworks in his lifetime, and include some of the most well-known paintings in the art world.
