山德罗·波提切利(Sandro Botticelli)
艺术家: 山德罗·波提切利
生于: c.1445；
卒于: 1510年5月17日；17may 1510
国籍: 意大利
流派: 早期文艺复兴
领域: 绘画
受影响: 马萨乔
影响: Walter Crane
老师: 弗拉·菲利普·利比
朋友: 达芬奇,彼得罗·贝鲁吉诺,多梅尼科·基兰达约
桑德罗·波提切利是佛罗伦萨学派的意大利画家，在文艺复兴初期工作。关于他的早期生活和教育，除了他在十四岁左右受过学徒训练外，鲜为人知。他的师傅是弗拉菲利波里皮，谁受到马萨乔的绘画的影响，并教波蒂切利一个微妙和细节的风格。到1470年，波蒂切利离开了里皮的工作室，开办了自己的工作室，并进一步发展了一种独特的风格。1481年，教皇召集波提切利在西斯廷教堂完成一些壁画，但是他的贡献被不和的拉斐尔和米开朗基罗的作品所掩盖。后来，他还为佛罗伦萨的教堂画了许多壁画，与菲律宾的里皮、佩鲁吉诺和吉兰多一起工作。波提切利临近生命的尽头，受到意大利多米尼加修士萨沃纳罗拉的影响，萨沃纳罗拉以焚烧书籍和毁灭不道德的艺术而闻名。据认为，波蒂切利曾一度与萨沃纳罗拉合作，乐于看到他的一些画被焚烧。瓦萨里，波提切利的早期传记作家，注意到在目睹他的绘画之死后，波提切利变得非常痛苦，而且没有收入，并且可能已经完全放弃绘画（虽然这不太可能）。由于婚姻的强烈反感，波提且利从未结婚，他说纯粹的想法使他做噩梦。波蒂切利去世后，他的名声和工作身体都岌岌可危，常常被米开朗基罗的作品抢了风头，尤其是他在西斯廷教堂的作品。他的作品传入欧洲大陆和英国后，名声慢慢上升，直到他成为15世纪最具写实性的画家之一。
Artist :Sandro Botticelli
Additional Name :Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi
Born :c.1445
Died :17 May 1510
Nationality :Italian
Art Movement :Early Renaissance
Influenced by :masaccio
Influenced on :walter-crane
Teachers :filippo-lippi
Friends and Co-workers :leonardo-da-vinci,pietro-perugino,domenico-ghirlandaio
Sandro Botticelli was an Italian painter of the Florentine school, working during the Early Renaissance. Little is known about his early life and education, other than he was apprenticed around the age of fourteen, which was a young age for an art apprentice. His master was Fra Filippo Lippi, who was influenced by Masaccio’s paintings, and taught Botticelli a delicate and detailed style. By 1470, Botticelli left the workshop of Lippi to open his own studio, and further developing a style that would become uniquely his.
In 1481, Botticelli was summoned by the Pope to complete some frescoes at the Sistine Chapel, but his contribution was shadowed by the works of the feuding Raphael and Michelangelo. In later years, he also painted many frescoes for Florentine churches, working alongside Filippino Lippi, Perugino, and Ghirlandaio. Near the end of his life, Botticelli was under the influence of Savonarola, an Italian Dominican friar, who was known for his book burning and destruction of immoral art. It is thought that at one point Botticelli cooperated with Savonarola, willingly watching some of his paintings be fed to the flames. Vasari, an early biographer of Botticelli, noted that after witnessing the death of his paintings, Botticelli became severely distressed, as well as without income, and may have quit painting altogether (although this is unlikely).
Due to a strong aversion to marriage, Botticelli never married, saying that the sheer idea gave him nightmares. After Botticelli’s death, his reputation and body of work fell to the wayside, often upstaged by the work of Michelangelo, especially his work at the Sistine Chapel. After the introduction of his works into the mainland of Europe and Britain, his fame slowly rose, until he was one of the most written-about painters of the 15th century.
