马塞尔·扬科简介

马塞尔·扬科(Marcel Janco)

艺术家: 马塞尔·扬科

生于: 1895年5月24日；罗马尼亚布加勒斯特

卒于: 1984年4月21日；以色列

国籍: 以色列,罗马尼亚,以色列

流派: 达达艺术,建构主义

领域: 绘画,插图,建筑学,艺术理论,安装

Marcel Janco是罗马尼亚和以色列的视觉艺术家、建筑师和艺术理论家。他是达达主义的共同发明家，也是东欧建构主义的主要倡导者。在1910年代，他与罗维尼亚艺术杂志Simbulu和ViNavy和特里斯唐·查拉共同编辑。詹科是艺术新潮、未来主义和表现主义的实践者，后来他的绘画和舞台设计为萨拉&安普的文学达达主义做出了贡献。1919年，他与达达分手，当时他和画家汉斯·阿尔普建立了一个建构主义者圈子，达斯·诺伊·勒本。

与维妮娅重新联合，他创立了罗马尼亚先锋派有影响力的法庭康坦佩内尔，主张将建构主义、未来主义和立体主义结合起来。在康明普兰，詹科阐述了一种“革命性”的城市规划愿景。他设计了一些布加勒斯特市中心最具创新性的标志性建筑。他以多种艺术形式工作，包括插图、雕塑和油画。

Janco是他那一代罗马尼亚杰出的犹太知识分子之一。第二次世界大战前和二战期间的反犹太迫害为目标，他于1941移居英国巴勒斯坦。他获得了迪曾戈夫奖和以色列奖，是乌托邦艺术殖民地Ein Hod的创始人，这个乌托邦艺术殖民地有争议地建在一个荒芜的巴勒斯坦阿拉伯定居点上。

Marcel Janco是乔治和朱尔斯Janco的兄弟，他们在达达事件期间和之后都是他的艺术伙伴。他的姐夫和建构主义者的同伴是作家雅克·G·科斯廷，他是20世纪40年代反犹主义的幸存者。

Artist :Marcel Janco

Additional Name :Marcel Hermann Iancu

Born : Bucharest, Romania

Died : Israel

Nationality :Jewish,Romanian,Israeli

Art Movement :Dada,Constructivism

Field :painting,illustration,architecture,art theory,installation

Marcel Janco was a Romanian and Israeli visual artist, architect and art theorist. He was the co-inventor of Dadaism and a leading exponent of Constructivism in Eastern Europe. In the 1910s, he co-edited, with Ion Vinea and Tristan Tzara, the Romanian art magazine Simbolul. Janco was a practitioner of Art Nouveau, Futurism and Expressionism before contributing his painting and stage design to Tzara's literary Dadaism. He parted with Dada in 1919, when he and painter Hans Arp founded a Constructivist circle, Das Neue Leben.

Reunited with Vinea, he founded Contimporanul, the influential tribune of the Romanian avant-garde, advocating a mix of Constructivism, Futurism and Cubism. At Contimporanul, Janco expounded a "revolutionary" vision of urban planning. He designed some of the most innovative landmarks of downtown Bucharest. He worked in many art forms, including illustration, sculpture and oil painting.

Janco was one of the leading Romanian Jewish intellectuals of his generation. Targeted by antisemitic persecution before and during World War II, he emigrated to British Palestine in 1941. He won the Dizengoff Prize and Israel Prize, and was a founder of Ein Hod, a utopian art colony, controversially built over a deserted Palestinian Arab settlement.

Marcel Janco was the brother Georges and Jules Janco, who were his artistic partners during and after the Dada episode. His brother-in-law and fellow Constructivist promoter was the writer Jacques G. Costin, known as a survivor of 1940s antisemitism.