迭戈里维拉(Diego Rivera)
艺术家: 迭戈里维拉
生于: 1886年12月08日；墨西哥瓜纳华托
卒于: 1957年11月24日；墨西哥墨西哥城
国籍: 墨西哥
流派: 社会现实主义,壁画
领域: 绘画
受影响: 马克·夏加尔,罗伯特·德劳奈
影响: 弗里达·卡洛,Pedro Coronel,Vlady
朋友: 阿米地奥·莫迪里阿尼,Saturnino Herran,Roberto Montenegro,琼斯·克里门特·奥罗兹柯,David Alfaro Siqueiros,Mykhailo Boychuk
机构: 学院圣卡洛斯，墨西哥城
作为一名墨西哥壁画家，迭戈·里维拉是墨西哥共产党的坦率成员，也是画家弗里达·卡洛的丈夫。里韦拉在他三岁的时候开始画画，一年后他的孪生兄弟卡洛斯去世了。他的父亲给他建了一个工作室，墙上有黑板和帆布，以防止他在墙上和家具上画画。10岁时，他在圣卡洛斯学院学习，21岁时由韦拉克鲁斯州长资助在欧洲学习艺术。在欧洲期间，他去过马德里、巴黎和意大利留学，并结交了许多当时著名的巴黎艺术家，包括阿马迪奥·莫迪利亚尼、伊利亚·埃伦堡、柴姆·苏廷、马克斯·雅各布和莫伊丝·基斯林。他目睹了由毕加索和布莱克领导的立体主义的诞生，他热情地拥抱了这种风格，同时也受到了塞尚的后印象主义的启发。1921年，里维拉返回墨西哥，并很快参与了墨西哥政府资助的墨西哥壁画项目。他在墨西哥城的国家预备学校完成了他的第一幅壁画《创造》，用手枪保护自己免受右翼学生的攻击。里韦拉的绘画体现了他独特的风格，大，简化的数字，大胆的颜色，和阿兹特克的影响。他们中的许多人与墨西哥社会和墨西哥革命1910。在墨西哥画了一系列壁画之后，里维拉的旅行带他去苏联参加十月革命的周年庆祝活动，后来又和妻子弗里达·卡洛一起去了美国。里韦拉是个臭名昭著的女人，一生中五次结过婚，两次嫁给卡洛。他的激进的政治信仰、对有组织的宗教的攻击以及他与左翼暗杀者的交往，使他在世时成为一个有争议的人物，但是他的作品的质量超过了他的个人信仰，并继续成为一个成功的画家，直到他去世。
Artist :Diego Rivera
Additional Name :Diego María de la Concepción Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de la Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodríguez
Born : Guanajuato, Mexico
Died : Mexico City, Mexico
Nationality :Mexican
Art Movement :Social Realism,Muralism
Influenced by :marc-chagall,robert-delaunay
Influenced on :frida-kahlo,pedro-coronel,vlady-kibalchich-rusakov
Friends and Co-workers :amedeo-modigliani,saturnino-herran,robert-montenegro,jose-clemente-orozco,david-alfaro-siqueiros,mykhailo-boychuk
Art institution :Academia de San Carlos, Mexico City, Mexico
A Mexican muralist painter, Diego Rivera was an outspoken member of the Mexican communist party and husband to painter Frida Kahlo. Rivera began drawing at the age of three, one year after the death of his twin brother Carlos. His father built him a studio with chalkboard and canvas on the walls to keep him from drawing on the walls and furniture. At the age of ten, he studied at the Academy of San Carlos, and at the age of 21 was sponsored by the governor of Veracruz to study art in Europe. While in Europe, he traveled and studied in Madrid, Paris, and Italy, and befriended many of the famous Paris artists of the time, including Amadeo Modigliani, Ilya Ehrenburg, Chaim Soutine, Max Jacob, and Moise Kisling. He witnessed the birth of cubism, led by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, which he enthusiastically embraced, and was also inspired by the post-impressionism of Paul Cezanne.
Rivera returned to Mexico in 1921, and quickly became involved with a Mexican mural program sponsored by the Mexican government. His completed his first mural, Creation, at the National Preparatory School in Mexico City, armed with a pistol, to defend himself from right-wing students. Rivera’s paintings exemplify his unique style of large, simplified figures with bold colors, and an Aztec influence. Many of them dealt with Mexican society and the Mexican Revolution of 1910.
After painting a series of murals in Mexico, Rivera’s travels brought him to the Soviet Union to take part in the anniversary celebrations of the October Revolution, and later to the United States with his wife Frida Kahlo. Rivera was a notorious womanizer, and was married five times throughout his lifetime, twice to Kahlo. His radical political beliefs, attacks on organized religion and his dealings with left-wing assassins made him a controversial figure while he alive, but the quality of his artwork surpassed his personal beliefs, and continued to be a successful painter until his death.
