马格里特(Rene Magritte)
艺术家: 马格里特
生于: 1898年11月21日；比利时莱西讷
卒于: 1967年8月15日；比利时布鲁塞尔
国籍: 比利时
流派: 超现实主义
领域: 绘画
受影响: 吉尔吉奥·德·奇里柯
影响: Neo Rauch,L. S. Lowry
机构: 皇家美术学院（亚-欧空局），布鲁塞尔，比利时
雷内·马格里特是比利时超现实主义画家，他的绘画机智而发人深省，试图让观众质疑他们对现实的看法，并对周围的世界变得敏感。Magritte的母亲是一个自杀的女人，这导致她的丈夫，Magritte的父亲，把她锁在她的房间里。有一天，她逃跑了，在附近的一条河里被淹死了，被淹死了。据传说，当13岁的Magritte在河里取回尸体时，他们就在那里。当她被从水中拽出来时，她的衣服遮住了她的脸。这后来成为1920世纪Magritte画中的一个主题，用布面遮盖人们的肖像。他十岁时开始上课，1916年去布鲁塞尔皇家美术学院学习，在那里，他发现这门课缺乏启发性，不适合他的口味。直到在比利时步兵部队服役了一段时间，在一家壁纸公司当起草人和制作广告海报之后，他才开始他的绘画生涯。由于与半人马座Galerie le Centaure的短暂合同，他得以全职作画，允许他参加他的第一次展览，但收视率很低。马格里特和哥哥一起经营一家公司，靠制作广告海报为生，还创作了毕加索、布拉克和奇里科的画作的赝品。他在伪造方面的经验也使他在二战中德国占领比利时期间制造了假钞，帮助他度过了经济不景气的时期。马格里特通过创造共同的图像并将它们置于极端的环境中，试图让观众质疑艺术真正表现对象的能力。在他的绘画中，他经常玩弄对图像的感知以及图像的绘画永远不可能成为对象的事实。他的艺术诠释影响了许多现代艺术家，包括安迪·沃霍尔、Jan Verdoodt和贾斯培·琼斯。他的艺术在1960年代特别流行，也影响了无数的歌曲、电影和书籍。
Artist :Rene Magritte
Additional Name :René François Ghislain Magritte
Born : Lessines, Belgium
Died : Brussels, Belgium
Nationality :Belgian
Art Movement :Surrealism
Influenced by :giorgio-de-chirico
Influenced on :neo-rauch,l-s-lowry
Art institution :Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts (ARBA-ESA), Brussels, Belgium
A Belgian surrealist painter, Rene Magritte’s witty and thought-provoking paintings sought to have viewers question their perceptions of reality, and become hypersensitive to the world around them. Magritte’s mother was a suicidal woman, which led her husband, Magritte’s father, to lock her up in her room. One day, she escaped, and was found down a nearby river dead, having drowned herself. According to legend, 13 year old Magritte was there when they retrieved the body from the river. As she was pulled from the water, her dress covered her face. This later became a theme in many of Magritte’s paintings in the 1920’s, portraying people with cloth covering their faces.
He began drawing lessons at age ten, and in 1916, went to study a the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Brussels, where he found the instruction uninspiring and unsuited to his tastes. He did not begin his actual painting career until after serving in the Belgian infantry for a short time, and working at a wallpaper company as a draftsman and producing advertising posters. He was able to paint full time due to a short-lived contract with Galerie le Centaure, allowing him to present in his first exhibition, which was poorly received.
Magritte made his living producing advertising posters in a business he ran with his brother, as well as creating forgeries of Picasso, Braque and Chirico paintings. His experience with forgeries also allowed him to create false bank notes during the German occupation of Belgium in World War II, helping him to survive the lean economic times.
Through creating common images and placing them in extreme contexts, Magritte sough to have his viewers question the ability of art to truly represent an object. In his paintings, he often played with the perception of an image and the fact that the painting of the image could never actually be the object. His artistic interpretations influenced many modern artists, including Andy Warhol, Jan Verdoodt and Jasper Johns. His art, which was especially popular during the 1960’s, has also influenced numerous songs, movies, and books.
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