萨尔瓦多·达利简介

萨尔瓦多·达利(Salvador Dali)

艺术家: 萨尔瓦多·达利

生于: 1904年5月11日；菲格雷斯，西班牙

卒于: 1989年1月23日；菲格雷斯，西班牙

国籍: 西班牙

流派: 超现实主义

领域: 绘画,雕塑,绘画,摄影

受影响: 吉尔吉奥·德·奇里柯,Arnold Böcklin,巴勃罗·毕加索,约安·米罗,Yves Tanguy,马克斯·恩斯特,让-弗朗索瓦·米勒,Dada,High Renaissance

影响: 马克斯·恩斯特,杰克逊·波洛克,Mark Rothko,Surrealism,Abstract Expressionism,Pop Art,Performance Art,Conceptual Art

朋友: Man Ray,安迪·沃霍尔

机构: 西班牙马德里圣费尔南多贝拉斯阿特斯学院

著名的西班牙超现实主义画家Salvador Dali拥有艺术雕塑，包括雕塑、绘画、摄影、多媒体作品，以及与其他艺术家的合作，最引人注目的是独立超现实主义电影。Dali出生在一个准超现实的存在。他的弟弟，也叫Salvador，在Dali出生前的九个月，以蹒跚学步的孩子的身份去世。他的父母告诉他，他是他哥哥的转世，他也开始相信。作为一个孩子，Dali参加绘画学校，十三岁的时候，Dali的父亲正在安排他的木炭画展览。1922，Dali去圣费尔南多美术学院学习，在那里他被称为一个花花公子，穿着长头发和鬓角，穿着十九世纪的审美风格的长裤。Dali在学院期间，曾尝试过立体主义和达达主义。但在期末考试前几个星期他被开除了，因为他说学校里没有人有资格检查他。在被驱逐后，他来到巴黎，在那里遇见了巴勃罗·鲁伊斯·毕加索和Joan Miro，这对他的绘画风格产生了很大的影响。Dali不断借用许多绘画风格。从印象派到文艺复兴时期的作品，他把所有的元素结合成一个作品，引起了艺术评论家的有趣批评，这些评论家不确定如何接受他的作品。Dali一直是个花花公子，长着一个大胡子，这是他余生的标志。1929岁时，Dali开始和后来成为妻子Gala的女人建立了联系。他的父亲不赞成，认为他与超现实主义的联系是对儿子的一种道德败坏的影响。听到大理创作了一部带有侮辱他母亲的铭文的作品，八年前他母亲死于乳腺癌，大理否认并剥夺了他儿子的继承权，告诉他永远不要回家。Dali后来嫁给了嘎拉，搬到了LigAT港的一所房子里。达利一生中后期都在美国和他心爱的西班牙加泰罗尼亚之间度过，与其他艺术家合作，与社会精英们打成一片，并为报纸撰写许多故事。1982年他妻子去世后，达利失去了很多生活的意愿，故意让自己脱水，几乎到了死亡的地步。1984，他的公寓里也发生了一场神秘的火灾，从中他获救，但许多人认为是自杀未遂。五年后，84岁时，他死于心力衰竭。

Artist :Salvador Dali

Additional Name :Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquis de Púbol

Born : Figueres, Spain

Died : Figueres, Spain

Nationality :Spanish

Art Movement :Surrealism

Field :painting,sculpture,drawing,photography

Influenced by :giorgio-de-chirico,arnold-bocklin,pablo-picasso,joan-miro,yves-tanguy,max-ernst,jean-francois-millet,artists-by-art-movement/dada,artists-by-art-movement/high-renaissance

Influenced on :max-ernst,jackson-pollock,mark-rothko,artists-by-art-movement/surrealism,artists-by-art-movement/abstract-expressionism,artists-by-art-movement/pop-art,artists-by-art-movement/performance-art,artists-by-art-movement/conceptual-art

Friends and Co-workers :man-ray,andy-warhol

Art institution :Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, Madrid, Spain

The famous Spanish surrealist painter, Salvador Dali had artistic repertoire that included sculpture, painting, photography, multimedia work, and collaborations with other artists, most notably independent surrealist films. Dali was born in a quasi-surreal existence. His brother, also named Salvador, died as a toddler, nine months before Dali’s birth. His parents told him he was the reincarnation of his older brother, which he also came to believe. As a child, Dali attended drawing school, and by the age of thirteen, Dali’s father was arranging exhibitions of his charcoal drawings. In 1922, Dali went to study at the School of Fine Arts in San Fernando, where he was known as a bit of a dandy, wearing long hair and sideburns, and stockings with knee breeches in the style of 19th century aesthetes.

During his stay at the academy, Dali tried his hand in cubism and dada. But his stay was short lived, after he was expelled a few weeks before final exams, for stating that no one in the school was qualified enough to examine him. After his expulsion, he traveled to Paris, where he met Pablo Picasso and Joan Miro, who heavily influenced his painting styles. Dali continually borrowed from many painting styles. From impressionism to renaissance works, he combined all elements into single compositions, raising interesting critiques from art critics, who were unsure as how to received his works. Always a dandy, Dali grew a large moustache, which was a trademark of his appearance for the rest of his life.

In 1929, Dali began a relationship with the woman who would later become his wife, Gala. His father disapproved, and saw his connection with surrealism as a demoralizing influence on his son. Upon hearing reports that Dali had created a work with an inscription insulting his mother, who had died eight years earlier of breast cancer, the elder Dali disowned and disinherited his son, telling him never to return home. Dali then married Gala and moved into a house at Port Lligat.

Dali spent the middle and late years of his life between the United States and his beloved Catalonia, Spain, collaborating with other artists, canoodling with social elites, and creating many stories for the newspapers. After his wife’s death in 1982, Dali lost much of his will to live, and purposely dehydrated himself almost to the point of death. There was also a mysterious fire in his apartment in 1984, from which he was saved, but many thought was a suicide attempt. He died of heart failure five years later at the age of 84.