拉斐尔(Raphael)
艺术家: 拉斐尔
生于: 1483；意大利乌尔比诺
卒于: 1520；意大利罗马
国籍: 意大利
流派: 盛期文艺复兴
领域: 绘画,建筑学
受影响: 阿尔布雷希特·丢勒,Paolo Uccello,路加·西诺雷利,米开朗基罗,汉斯·梅姆林
影响: 吉尔吉奥·德·奇里柯,安尼巴尔·卡拉奇,雅格布·巴萨诺,保罗·高更,弗朗西斯科·巴切柯,提香·韦切利奥,尼古拉斯·普桑,埃德加·德加,皮耶尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿,安东·拉斐尔·门斯,Nazarenes,D眉sseldorf School of Painting
老师: 彼得罗·贝鲁吉诺
朋友: 阿尔布雷希特·丢勒
《拉斐尔》是意大利文艺复兴时期的一位画家和建筑师。拉斐尔和米开朗基罗、达芬奇一起被认为是文艺复兴时期大师画家的三位一体。他是一个多产的艺术家，尽管37岁就去世了，但他有相当多的工作要学习。拉斐尔出生于一个艺术家庭，因为他的父亲是乌尔比诺公爵的宫廷画家。1491年母亲去世，1494年父亲去世后，11岁的拉斐尔在继续他父亲的绘画工作室方面发挥了重要作用。他最早在1501被描述为一个训练有素的大师画家，大约在19岁左右。即使在这个职业生涯的早期阶段，他也有很高的需求，完成了许多委托作品。拉斐尔继续画画，不断地旅行，过着一个半游牧画家的生活。他能够将佛罗伦萨艺术的影响力与自己的发展风格结合起来，创作出流畅流畅的作品，受到高度评价。
三位大师拉斐尔、伦达多·达·芬奇和米开朗基罗都是同时代的。列奥纳多是拉斐尔的三十岁高龄，年轻的画家把达文西绘画中的许多元素融入到自己的作品中。另一方面，米切朗基罗只不过是拉斐尔的八岁高龄。米切朗基罗已经不喜欢列奥纳多了，他更不喜欢拉斐尔越来越受欢迎，开始阴谋和散布关于拉斐尔的谣言。1508，拉斐尔搬到了罗马，他将在那里度过余生。他在罗马的第一个主要作品是装饰教皇的私人图书馆——圣黛拉·塞纳图拉。在他完成这个房间后，教皇对他的工作非常满意，他把他分配到了其他建筑的房间，取代了其他被委托完成作品的艺术家。
Artist :Raphael
Additional Name :Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino
Born : Urbino, Italy
Died : Rome, Italy
Nationality :Italian
Art Movement :High Renaissance
Field :painting,architecture
Influenced by :albrecht-durer,paolo-uccello,luca-signorelli,michelangelo,hans-memling
Influenced on :giorgio-de-chirico,annibale-carracci,jacopo-bassano,paul-gauguin,francisco-pacheco,titian,nicolas-poussin,edgar-degas,pierre-auguste-renoir,anton-raphael-mengs,artists-by-painting-school/nazarenes,artists-by-painting-school/d-sseldorf-school-of-painting
Teachers :pietro-perugino
Friends and Co-workers :albrecht-durer
Considered one of great master painters, Raphael was an Italian painter and architect in the High Renaissance. Raphael, along with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci, are considered the great trinity of master painters of the High Renaissance period. He was a prolific artist, and despite death at the young age of 37, has a considerable body of work to study.
Raphael was born into an artistic family, as his father was the court painter to The Duke of Urbino. After his mother’s death in 1491 and his father’s death in 1494, eleven year old Raphael, who had already shown artistic talent, played a large role in continuing his father’s painting studio. He was first described as a fully-trained master painter in 1501, roughly around the age of 19. Even at this early stage in his career, he was in high demand, and completed many commissioned works. Raphael continued to paint, traveling constantly, living the life of a semi-nomadic painter. He was able to merge the influence of Florentine art with his own developing style, creating a smooth, flowing composition, which was highly regarded.
The three great masters, Raphael, Leondardo da Vinci, and Michelangelo, were all contemporaries. Leonardo was thirty years Raphael’s senior, and the younger painter incorporated many elements of da Vinci’s paintings in to his own works. Michelangelo, on the other hand, was only eight years Raphael’s senior. Michelangelo already did not like Leonardo, and he disliked the rising popularity of Raphael even more, starting conspiracies and spreading rumors about Raphael.
In 1508, Raphael moved to Rome, where he would reside for the rest of his life. His first major work inn Rome was a commission to decorate the Pope’s private library, the Stanza della Segnatura. After he finished this room, the Pope was so pleased with his work that he assigned him to other rooms of the building, displacing other artists who had been commissioned to complete the works.
